Linear Algebra: Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning vector spaces and linear mappings between such spaces. It includes the study of lines, planes, and subspaces, but is also concerned with properties common to all vector spaces.

Symbol	Symbol Name	Meaning / definition	Example
∙	dot	scalar product	a ∙ b
×	cross	vector product	a × b
A⊗B	tensor product	tensor product of A and B	A ⊗ B
	inner product
[ ]	brackets	matrix of numbers
( )	parentheses	matrix of numbers
| A |	determinant	determinant of matrix A
det(A)	determinant	determinant of matrix A
|| x ||	double vertical bars	norm
A T	transpose	matrix transpose	(AT)ij = (A)ji
A †	Hermitian matrix	matrix conjugate transpose	(A†)ij = (A)ji
A *	Hermitian matrix	matrix conjugate transpose	(A*)ij = (A)ji
A -1	inverse matrix	A A-1 = I
rank(A)	matrix rank	rank of matrix A	rank(A) = 3
dim(U)	dimension	dimension of matrix A	rank(U) = 3